Database Servers
Introducing major server software and middleware in the Database Servers category.
| No | Name | Description | Trend | Difficulty | Ecosystem | Official Site |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | PostgreSQL | The world's most advanced open source relational database. ACID compliant with JSON support and built-in full-text search. Top developer choice for 2 consecutive years in Stack Overflow survey. | Rapidly growing, top developer choice for 2 consecutive years in Stack Overflow. PostgreSQL 18 expected to improve I/O performance 2-3x. Expanding adoption for AI/ML use cases. | intermediate | growing | Official |
| 2 | MySQL | World's most popular open source database. Features extensive web development track record, high performance, and simple management. Rich replication capabilities. | Urgent version upgrade needed due to 8.0 support end (April 2025). Planning regular updates with new release model introduction. Continuous optimization in progress. | intermediate | growing | Official |
| 3 | MongoDB | Document-oriented NoSQL database. Stores data in JSON-like document format. Features scalability and developer-friendly design. | Atlas revenue reaches 70% of total. SSPL license constrains commercial service provision. Continues growth with cloud-first strategy. Expanding utilization in AI and machine learning. | intermediate | growing | Official |
| 4 | Redis | In-memory data structure store. Can be used as cache, message broker, and database. Features overwhelming speed and real-time processing capabilities. | License change in 2024, triple licensing from May 2025. Overwhelming share in cache server field. Increasing demand in real-time applications. | intermediate | growing | Official |
| 5 | Oracle Database | High-performance database for enterprise. Oracle 23ai introduces full-scale AI Vector Search functionality. Strengthens AI integration with 300+ new features. | Oracle 23ai adds 300+ new features. Shifts to next-generation database with AI Vector Search functionality. Maintains position in enterprise market. | intermediate | growing | Official |
| 6 | Microsoft SQL Server | Microsoft's enterprise database management system. Features deep Windows integration, BI capabilities, and cloud connectivity. SQL Server 2025 adds vector database functionality. | SQL Server 2025 planned to add vector database functionality. Strengthens cloud strategy with Azure SQL Database. Improves competitiveness through AI and machine learning integration. | intermediate | growing | Official |
| 7 | SQLite | Lightweight and fast file-based SQL database engine. Server-free and optimal for embedded use. Most widely deployed database engine in the world. | Overwhelming share in embedded use. Standardly adopted in mobile apps, IoT devices, and desktop applications. Continuous demand for lightweight and reliability. | intermediate | growing | Official |
| 8 | Apache Cassandra | Distributed NoSQL database providing high availability and linear scalability. Specialized in big data processing. Distributed architecture without single point of failure. | Continued demand in big data and IoT fields. Proven adoption in large-scale systems like Netflix and Facebook. High learning cost due to distributed system complexity. | intermediate | growing | Official |
| 9 | MariaDB | Open source relational database forked from MySQL. Maintains MySQL compatibility while adding unique features. Provides enterprise-level features for free. | Secured certain market share as MySQL alternative. Increasing adoption to avoid GPL license issues. However, overall market share is declining. Migration from MySQL due to Oracle acquisition. | intermediate | growing | Official |
| 10 | Elasticsearch | Distributed RESTful search and analytics engine. Specialized in full-text search, log analysis, and metrics analysis. Features real-time search and scalability. | Growing popularity with ELK stack (Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana). Overwhelming share in log analysis and observability. License change to Elastic License requires attention. | intermediate | growing | Official |
| 11 | InfluxDB | Open source database specialized for time-series data. Optimized for IoT metrics, application monitoring, and real-time analytics. High-speed write and query performance. | Rapid growth in IoT and monitoring fields. Standard component in DevOps and observability toolchains. InfluxDB 3.0 adopts Apache Arrow for significant performance improvement. | intermediate | growing | Official |
| 12 | CockroachDB | Distributed SQL database. Supports global scale while maintaining strong consistency and ACID properties. Provides PostgreSQL-compatible SQL API. | Growing attention for cloud-native and multi-region support. Increasing adoption in mission-critical applications like finance and e-commerce. High learning cost but robustness is valued. | intermediate | growing | Official |
| 13 | Amazon Aurora | AWS cloud-native relational database. MySQL and PostgreSQL compatible with cloud optimization. Provides automatic scaling and high availability. | Rapid growth as standard choice in AWS environments. Differentiated with serverless support and multi-master features. Expanding adoption among cloud-first companies. | intermediate | growing | Official |