Infrastructure as Code

A list of best practices and methodologies for Infrastructure as Code. Learn about basic concepts, benefits, challenges, and implementation methods for each practice.

A methodology that describes the desired state of infrastructure declaratively and automatically converges the actual state. Define end state rather than procedural scripts.

Benefits

  • Idempotency Guarantee
  • Simplified State Management
  • Improved Readability

Key Principles

  • End State Definition
  • Automatic Convergence
  • Declarative Description

Related Tools

Terraform, CloudFormation, Pulumi, Kubernetes

Infrastructure that is never modified after deployment; updates require deploying new instances and replacing old ones.

Benefits

  • Eliminate Configuration Drift
  • Consistency Guarantee
  • Simplified Rollback

Key Principles

  • No-Modification Principle
  • Update by Replacement
  • Version Control

Related Tools

Packer, Docker, AMI Builder, Cloud Images

Techniques to detect and prevent unintended configuration changes (drift) that occur over time. Implement continuous monitoring and automatic correction.

Benefits

  • Maintain Consistency
  • Enhanced Security
  • Predictable Environment

Key Principles

  • Continuous Verification
  • Automatic Remediation
  • Change Tracking

Related Tools

Terraform, AWS Config, Azure Policy, Chef InSpec

State Management

intermediate

Techniques to track and manage infrastructure's current state, synchronizing declarative definitions with actual resources. Includes remote state management and locking mechanisms.

Benefits

  • Enable Team Collaboration
  • Centralized State Management
  • Concurrent Execution Control

Key Principles

  • Remote State Storage
  • State Locking
  • Encryption

Related Tools

Terraform, Pulumi, CloudFormation, Ansible

Module design patterns for creating reusable and maintainable infrastructure code. Utilize abstraction, encapsulation, and parameterization.

Benefits

  • Code Reusability
  • Promote Standardization
  • Improved Maintainability

Key Principles

  • Single Responsibility
  • Interface Design
  • Composability

Related Tools

Terraform, Ansible, Helm, AWS CDK